{"id":78,"date":"2017-11-26T17:12:51","date_gmt":"2017-11-26T09:12:51","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.ccagml.com\/?p=78"},"modified":"2018-11-26T17:38:22","modified_gmt":"2018-11-26T09:38:22","slug":"linux%e5%b8%b8%e7%94%a8%e5%91%bd%e4%bb%a4","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.ccagml.com\/?p=78","title":{"rendered":"linux\u5e38\u7528\u547d\u4ee4"},"content":{"rendered":"
    \n
  1. ls\n
    ls \u547d\u4ee4\u662f linux \u4e0b\u6700\u5e38\u7528\u7684\u547d\u4ee4\uff0cls \u547d\u4ee4\u5c31\u662f list \u7684\u7f29\u5199\u3002 ls \u7528\u6765\u6253\u5370\u51fa\u5f53\u524d\u76ee\u5f55\u7684\u6e05\u5355\u3002\u5982\u679c ls \u6307\u5b9a\u5176\u4ed6\u76ee\u5f55\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u5c31\u4f1a\u663e\u793a\u6307\u5b9a\u76ee\u5f55\u91cc\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u53ca\u6587\u4ef6\u5939\u6e05\u5355\u3002 \u901a\u8fc7 ls \u547d\u4ee4\u4e0d\u4ec5\u53ef\u4ee5\u67e5\u770b linux \u6587\u4ef6\u5939\u5305\u542b\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u53ef\u4ee5\u67e5\u770b\u6587\u4ef6\u6743\u9650(\u5305\u62ec\u76ee\u5f55\u3001\u6587\u4ef6\u5939\u3001\u6587\u4ef6\u6743\u9650)\u67e5\u770b\u76ee\u5f55\u4fe1\u606f\u7b49\u7b49\u3002<\/div>\n
    \uff081\uff09\u547d\u4ee4\u683c\u5f0f<\/div>\n
    ls [\u9009\u9879] [\u76ee\u5f55\u540d]<\/div>\n
    \uff082\uff09\u5e38\u7528\u53c2\u6570<\/div>\n
    \n\n\n\n<\/colgroup>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
    \n
    \u53c2\u6570<\/div>\n<\/td>\n
    		\n
    \u63cf\u8ff0<\/div>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    \n
    -a<\/div>\n<\/td>\n
    		\n
    \u2013all \u5217\u51fa\u76ee\u5f55\u4e0b\u7684\u6240\u6709\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u4ee5 . \u5f00\u5934\u7684\u9690\u542b\u6587\u4ef6<\/div>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    \n
    -l<\/div>\n<\/td>\n
    		\n
    \u9664\u4e86\u6587\u4ef6\u540d\u4e4b\u5916\uff0c\u8fd8\u5c06\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u6743\u9650\u3001\u6240\u6709\u8005\u3001\u6587\u4ef6\u5927\u5c0f\u7b49\u4fe1\u606f\u8be6\u7ec6\u5217\u51fa\u6765<\/div>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    \n
    -d<\/div>\n<\/td>\n
    		\n
    \u2013directory \u5c06\u76ee\u5f55\u8c61\u6587\u4ef6\u4e00\u6837\u663e\u793a\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u663e\u793a\u5176\u4e0b\u7684\u6587\u4ef6<\/div>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    \n
    -h<\/div>\n<\/td>\n
    		\n
    \u2013human-readable \u4ee5\u5bb9\u6613\u7406\u89e3\u7684\u683c\u5f0f\u5217\u51fa\u6587\u4ef6\u5927\u5c0f (\u4f8b\u5982 1K 234M 2G)<\/div>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    \n
    -t<\/div>\n<\/td>\n
    		\n
    \u4ee5\u6587\u4ef6\u4fee\u6539\u65f6\u95f4\u6392\u5e8f<\/div>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

    <\/p>\n<\/div>\n

    <\/li>\n

  2. cd\n
    cd \/ \u6839\u76ee\u5f55<\/div>\n
    cd ~ \u7528\u6237\u76ee\u5f55<\/div>\n
    cd .. \u7236\u76ee\u5f55<\/div>\n
    cd – \u4e0a\u4e00\u6b21\u76ee\u5f55<\/div>\n

    <\/li>\n

  3. pwd\n
      \n
    1. \n
      Linux \u4e2d\u7528 pwd \u547d\u4ee4\u6765\u67e5\u770b\u201c\u5f53\u524d\u5de5\u4f5c\u76ee\u5f55\u201d\u7684\u5b8c\u6574\u8def\u5f84\u3002 \u7b80\u5355\u5f97\u8bf4\uff0c\u6bcf\u5f53\u4f60\u5728\u7ec8\u7aef\u8fdb\u884c\u64cd\u4f5c\u65f6\uff0c\u4f60\u90fd\u4f1a\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u5f53\u524d\u5de5\u4f5c\u76ee\u5f55\u3002 \u5728\u4e0d\u592a\u786e\u5b9a\u5f53\u524d\u4f4d\u7f6e\u65f6\uff0c\u5c31\u4f1a\u4f7f\u7528 pwd \u6765\u5224\u5b9a\u5f53\u524d\u76ee\u5f55\u5728\u6587\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf\u5185\u7684\u786e\u5207\u4f4d\u7f6e\u3002 pwd \u547d\u4ee4\u662f Print Working Directory \u7684\u7f29\u5199\u3002<\/div>\n
      \uff081\uff09\u547d\u4ee4\u683c\u5f0f<\/div>\n
      pwd [\u9009\u9879]<\/div>\n
      \uff082\uff09\u5e38\u7528\u53c2\u6570<\/div>\n
      \n\n\n\n<\/colgroup>\n\n\n\n\n
      \n
      \u53c2\u6570<\/div>\n<\/td>\n
      		\n
      \u63cf\u8ff0<\/div>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
      \n
      -P<\/div>\n<\/td>\n
      		\n
      \u663e\u793a\u5b9e\u9645\u7269\u7406\u8def\u5f84\uff0c\u800c\u975e\u4f7f\u7528\u8fde\u63a5\uff08link\uff09\u8def\u5f84<\/div>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
      \n
      -L<\/div>\n<\/td>\n
      		\n
      \u5f53\u76ee\u5f55\u4e3a\u8fde\u63a5\u8def\u5f84\u65f6\uff0c\u663e\u793a\u8fde\u63a5\u8def\u5f84<\/div>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n

      <\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<\/li>\n

    2. mv\n
      mv \u547d\u4ee4\u529f\u80fd\u662f\u7528\u6765\u79fb\u52a8\u6587\u4ef6\u6216\u66f4\u6539\u6587\u4ef6\u540d\uff0c\u662f Linux \u7cfb\u7edf\u4e0b\u5e38\u7528\u7684\u547d\u4ee4\uff0c\u7ecf\u5e38\u7528\u6765\u5907\u4efd\u6587\u4ef6\u6216\u8005\u76ee\u5f55\u3002 mv \u547d\u4ee4\u6839\u636e\u7b2c\u4e8c\u4e2a\u53c2\u6570\u7c7b\u578b\uff08\u662f\u76ee\u6807\u6587\u4ef6\u8fd8\u662f\u76ee\u6807\u76ee\u5f55\uff09\uff0c\u51b3\u5b9a\u6267\u884c\u5c06\u6587\u4ef6\u91cd\u547d\u540d\u6216\u5c06\u5176\u79fb\u81f3\u4e00\u4e2a\u65b0\u7684\u76ee\u5f55\u4e2d\u3002\u5f53\u7b2c\u4e8c\u4e2a\u53c2\u6570\u7c7b\u578b\u662f\u6587\u4ef6\u65f6\uff0cmv \u547d\u4ee4\u5b8c\u6210\u6587\u4ef6\u91cd\u547d\u540d\uff0c\u6b64\u65f6\uff0c\u6e90\u6587\u4ef6\u53ea\u80fd\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\uff08\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u662f\u6e90\u76ee\u5f55\u540d\uff09\uff0c\u5b83\u5c06\u6240\u7ed9\u7684\u6e90\u6587\u4ef6\u6216\u76ee\u5f55\u91cd\u547d\u540d\u4e3a\u7ed9\u5b9a\u7684\u76ee\u6807\u6587\u4ef6\u540d\u3002\u5f53\u7b2c\u4e8c\u4e2a\u53c2\u6570\u662f\u5df2\u5b58\u5728\u7684\u76ee\u5f55\u540d\u79f0\u65f6\uff0c\u6e90\u6587\u4ef6\u6216\u76ee\u5f55\u53c2\u6570\u53ef\u4ee5\u6709\u591a\u4e2a\uff0cmv \u547d\u4ee4\u5c06\u5404\u53c2\u6570\u6307\u5b9a\u7684\u6e90\u6587\u4ef6\u5747\u79fb\u81f3\u76ee\u6807\u76ee\u5f55\u4e2d\u3002 mv \u547d\u4ee4\u662f move \u7684\u7f29\u5199\u3002<\/div>\n
      \uff081\uff09\u547d\u4ee4\u683c\u5f0f<\/div>\n
      mv [\u9009\u9879] \u6e90\u6587\u4ef6\u6216\u76ee\u5f55 \u76ee\u6807\u6587\u4ef6\u6216\u76ee\u5f55<\/div>\n
      \uff082\uff09\u5e38\u7528\u53c2\u6570<\/div>\n
      \n\n\n\n<\/colgroup>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
      \n
      \u53c2\u6570<\/div>\n<\/td>\n
      		\n
      \u63cf\u8ff0<\/div>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
      \n
      -b –back<\/div>\n<\/td>\n
      		\n
      \u82e5\u9700\u8986\u76d6\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u5219\u8986\u76d6\u524d\u5148\u884c\u5907\u4efd<\/div>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
      \n
      -f –force<\/div>\n<\/td>\n
      		\n
      \u5982\u679c\u76ee\u6807\u6587\u4ef6\u5df2\u7ecf\u5b58\u5728\uff0c\u4e0d\u4f1a\u8be2\u95ee\u800c\u76f4\u63a5\u8986\u76d6<\/div>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
      \n
      -i –interactive<\/div>\n<\/td>\n
      		\n
      \u82e5\u76ee\u6807\u6587\u4ef6\u5df2\u7ecf\u5b58\u5728\u65f6\uff0c\u5c31\u4f1a\u8be2\u95ee\u662f\u5426\u8986\u76d6<\/div>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
      \n
      -u –update<\/div>\n<\/td>\n
      		\n
      \u82e5\u76ee\u6807\u6587\u4ef6\u5df2\u7ecf\u5b58\u5728\uff0c\u4e14\u6e90\u6587\u4ef6\u6bd4\u8f83\u65b0\uff0c\u624d\u4f1a\u66f4\u65b0<\/div>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
      \n
      -t –target<\/div>\n<\/td>\n
      		\n
      \u8be5\u9009\u9879\u9002\u7528\u4e8e\u79fb\u52a8\u591a\u4e2a\u6e90\u6587\u4ef6\u5230\u4e00\u4e2a\u76ee\u5f55\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\uff0c\u6b64\u65f6\u76ee\u6807\u76ee\u5f55\u5728\u524d\uff0c\u6e90\u6587\u4ef6\u5728\u540e<\/div>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n

      <\/li>\n

    3. \n
      mkdir<\/div>\n

      <\/p>\n

      mkdir \u547d\u4ee4\u7528\u6765\u521b\u5efa\u6307\u5b9a\u540d\u79f0\u7684\u76ee\u5f55\uff0c\u8981\u6c42\u521b\u5efa\u76ee\u5f55\u7684\u7528\u6237\u5728\u5f53\u524d\u76ee\u5f55\u4e2d\u5177\u6709\u5199\u6743\u9650\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u6307\u5b9a\u7684\u76ee\u5f55\u540d\u4e0d\u80fd\u662f\u5f53\u524d\u76ee\u5f55\u4e2d\u5df2\u6709\u7684\u76ee\u5f55\u3002 mkdir \u547d\u4ee4\u662f make directory \u7684\u7f29\u5199\u3002<\/div>\n
      \uff081\uff09\u547d\u4ee4\u683c\u5f0f<\/div>\n
      mkdir [\u9009\u9879] \u76ee\u5f55<\/div>\n
      \uff082\uff09\u5e38\u7528\u53c2\u6570<\/div>\n
      \n\n\n\n<\/colgroup>\n\n\n\n\n\n
      \n
      \u53c2\u6570<\/div>\n<\/td>\n
      		\n
      \u63cf\u8ff0<\/div>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
      \n
      -m –mode=\u6a21\u5f0f<\/div>\n<\/td>\n
      		\n
      \u8bbe\u5b9a\u6743\u9650<\u6a21\u5f0f><\/div>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
      \n
      -p –parents<\/div>\n<\/td>\n
      		\n
      \u53ef\u4ee5\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u8def\u5f84\u540d\u79f0\u3002\u82e5\u8def\u5f84\u4e2d\u7684\u67d0\u4e9b\u76ee\u5f55\u5c1a\u4e0d\u5b58\u5728,\u52a0\u4e0a\u6b64\u9009\u9879\u540e,\u7cfb\u7edf\u5c06\u81ea\u52a8\u5efa\u7acb\u597d\u90a3\u4e9b\u5c1a\u4e0d\u5b58\u5728\u7684\u76ee\u5f55,\u5373\u4e00\u6b21\u53ef\u4ee5\u5efa\u7acb\u591a\u4e2a\u76ee\u5f55<\/div>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
      \n
      -v –verbose<\/div>\n<\/td>\n
      		\n
      \u6bcf\u6b21\u521b\u5efa\u65b0\u76ee\u5f55\u90fd\u663e\u793a\u4fe1\u606f<\/div>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n

      <\/li>\n

    4. \n
      rm<\/div>\n

      <\/p>\n

      rm \u662f\u5e38\u7528\u7684\u547d\u4ee4\uff0c\u8be5\u547d\u4ee4\u7684\u529f\u80fd\u4e3a\u5220\u9664\u4e00\u4e2a\u76ee\u5f55\u4e2d\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u6216\u591a\u4e2a\u6587\u4ef6\u6216\u76ee\u5f55\uff0c\u5b83\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u5c06\u67d0\u4e2a\u76ee\u5f55\u53ca\u5176\u4e0b\u7684\u6240\u6709\u6587\u4ef6\u53ca\u5b50\u76ee\u5f55\u5747\u5220\u9664\u3002\u5bf9\u4e8e\u94fe\u63a5\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u53ea\u662f\u5220\u9664\u4e86\u94fe\u63a5\uff0c\u539f\u6709\u6587\u4ef6\u5747\u4fdd\u6301\u4e0d\u53d8\u3002<\/div>\n
      rm \u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u5371\u9669\u7684\u547d\u4ee4\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u65f6\u5019\u8981\u7279\u522b\u5f53\u5fc3\uff0c\u5c24\u5176\u5bf9\u4e8e\u65b0\u624b\uff0c\u5426\u5219\u6574\u4e2a\u7cfb\u7edf\u5c31\u4f1a\u6bc1\u5728\u8fd9\u4e2a\u547d\u4ee4\uff08\u6bd4\u5982\u5728\/\uff08\u6839\u76ee\u5f55\uff09\u4e0b\u6267\u884c rm * -rf\uff09\u3002\u6240\u4ee5\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5728\u6267\u884c rm \u4e4b\u524d\u6700\u597d\u5148\u786e\u8ba4\u4e00\u4e0b\u5728\u54ea\u4e2a\u76ee\u5f55\uff0c\u5230\u5e95\u8981\u5220\u9664\u4ec0\u4e48\u4e1c\u897f\uff0c\u64cd\u4f5c\u65f6\u4fdd\u6301\u9ad8\u5ea6\u6e05\u9192\u7684\u5934\u8111\u3002<\/div>\n
      rm \u547d\u4ee4\u662f remove \u7684\u7f29\u5199\u3002<\/div>\n
      \uff081\uff09\u547d\u4ee4\u683c\u5f0f<\/div>\n
      rm [\u9009\u9879] \u6587\u4ef6\u6216\u76ee\u5f55<\/div>\n
      \uff082\uff09\u5e38\u7528\u53c2\u6570<\/div>\n
      \n\n\n\n<\/colgroup>\n\n<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n
      \n
      \u53c2\u6570<\/div>\n<\/td>\n
      		\n
      \u63cf\u8ff0<\/div>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
      \n
      -f –force<\/div>\n<\/td>\n
      		\n
      \u5ffd\u7565\u4e0d\u5b58\u5728\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u4ece\u4e0d\u7ed9\u51fa\u63d0\u793a<\/div>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
      \n
      -i –interactive<\/div>\n<\/td>\n
      		\n
      \u8fdb\u884c\u4ea4\u4e92\u5f0f\u5220\u9664<\/div>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
      \n
      -r –recursive<\/div>\n<\/td>\n
      		\n
      \u6307\u793a rm \u5c06\u53c2\u6570\u4e2d\u5217\u51fa\u7684\u5168\u90e8\u76ee\u5f55\u548c\u5b50\u76ee\u5f55\u5747\u9012\u5f52\u5730\u5220\u9664<\/div>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
      \n
      -v –verbose<\/div>\n<\/td>\n
      		\n
      \u8be6\u7ec6\u663e\u793a\u8fdb\u884c\u7684\u6b65\u9aa4<\/div>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n

      <\/li>\n

    5. cp\n
      cp \u547d\u4ee4\u7528\u6765\u590d\u5236\u6587\u4ef6\u6216\u8005\u76ee\u5f55\uff0c\u662f Linux \u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\u6700\u5e38\u7528\u7684\u547d\u4ee4\u4e4b\u4e00\u3002\u4e00\u822c\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0cshell \u4f1a\u8bbe\u7f6e\u4e00\u4e2a\u522b\u540d\uff0c\u5728\u547d\u4ee4\u884c\u4e0b\u590d\u5236\u6587\u4ef6\u65f6\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u76ee\u6807\u6587\u4ef6\u5df2\u7ecf\u5b58\u5728\uff0c\u5c31\u4f1a\u8be2\u95ee\u662f\u5426\u8986\u76d6\uff0c\u4e0d\u7ba1\u4f60\u662f\u5426\u4f7f\u7528-i \u53c2\u6570\u3002\u4f46\u662f\u5982\u679c\u662f\u5728 shell \u811a\u672c\u4e2d\u6267\u884c cp \u65f6\uff0c\u6ca1\u6709-i \u53c2\u6570\u65f6\u4e0d\u4f1a\u8be2\u95ee\u662f\u5426\u8986\u76d6\u3002\u8fd9\u8bf4\u660e\u547d\u4ee4\u884c\u548c shell \u811a\u672c\u7684\u6267\u884c\u65b9\u5f0f\u6709\u4e9b\u4e0d\u540c\u3002 cp \u547d\u4ee4\u662f copy \u7684\u7f29\u5199\u3002<\/div>\n
      \uff081\uff09\u547d\u4ee4\u683c\u5f0f<\/div>\n
      cp [\u9009\u9879] \u6e90\u6587\u4ef6 \u76ee\u5f55 cp [\u9009\u9879] -t \u76ee\u5f55 \u6e90\u6587\u4ef6<\/div>\n
      \uff082\uff09\u5e38\u7528\u53c2\u6570<\/div>\n
      \n\n\n\n<\/colgroup>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
      \n
      \u53c2\u6570<\/div>\n<\/td>\n
      		\n
      \u63cf\u8ff0<\/div>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
      \n
      -t –target-directory<\/div>\n<\/td>\n
      		\n
      \u6307\u5b9a\u76ee\u6807\u76ee\u5f55<\/div>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
      \n
      -i –interactive<\/div>\n<\/td>\n
      		\n
      \u8986\u76d6\u524d\u8be2\u95ee(\u4f7f\u524d\u9762\u7684 -n \u9009\u9879\u5931\u6548)<\/div>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
      \n
      -n –no-clobber<\/div>\n<\/td>\n
      		\n
      \u4e0d\u8981\u8986\u76d6\u5df2\u5b58\u5728\u7684\u6587\u4ef6(\u4f7f\u524d\u9762\u7684 -i \u9009\u9879\u5931\u6548)<\/div>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
      \n
      -s –symbolic-link<\/div>\n<\/td>\n
      		\n
      \u5bf9\u6e90\u6587\u4ef6\u5efa\u7acb\u7b26\u53f7\u94fe\u63a5\uff0c\u800c\u975e\u590d\u5236\u6587\u4ef6<\/div>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
      \n
      -f –force<\/div>\n<\/td>\n
      		\n
      \u5f3a\u884c\u590d\u5236\u6587\u4ef6\u6216\u76ee\u5f55\uff0c \u4e0d\u8bba\u76ee\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u6216\u76ee\u5f55\u662f\u5426\u5df2\u7ecf\u5b58\u5728<\/div>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
      \n
      -u –update<\/div>\n<\/td>\n
      		\n
      \u4f7f\u7528\u8fd9\u9879\u53c2\u6570\u4e4b\u540e\uff0c\u53ea\u4f1a\u5728\u6e90\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u4fee\u6539\u65f6\u95f4\u8f83\u76ee\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u66f4\u65b0\u65f6\uff0c\u6216\u662f\u5bf9\u5e94\u7684\u76ee\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u5e76\u4e0d\u5b58\u5728\uff0c\u624d\u590d\u5236\u6587\u4ef6<\/div>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n

      <\/li>\n

    6. cat\n
      cat \u547d\u4ee4\u7684\u529f\u80fd\u662f\u5c06\u6587\u4ef6\u6216\u6807\u51c6\u8f93\u5165\u7ec4\u5408\u8f93\u51fa\u5230\u6807\u51c6\u8f93\u51fa\u3002\u8fd9\u4e2a\u547d\u4ee4\u5e38\u7528\u6765\u663e\u793a\u6587\u4ef6\u5185\u5bb9\uff0c\u6216\u8005\u5c06\u51e0\u4e2a\u6587\u4ef6\u8fde\u63a5\u8d77\u6765\u663e\u793a\uff0c\u6216\u8005\u4ece\u6807\u51c6\u8f93\u5165\u8bfb\u53d6\u5185\u5bb9\u5e76\u663e\u793a\uff0c\u5b83\u5e38\u4e0e\u91cd\u5b9a\u5411\u7b26\u53f7\u914d\u5408\u4f7f\u7528\u3002 cat \u547d\u4ee4\u662f concatenate \u7684\u7f29\u5199\u3002<\/div>\n
      \uff081\uff09\u547d\u4ee4\u683c\u5f0f<\/div>\n
      cat [\u9009\u9879] [\u6587\u4ef6]<\/div>\n
      \uff082\uff09\u5e38\u7528\u53c2\u6570<\/div>\n
      \n\n\n\n<\/colgroup>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
      \n
      \u53c2\u6570<\/div>\n<\/td>\n
      		\n
      \u63cf\u8ff0<\/div>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
      \n
      -A –show-all<\/div>\n<\/td>\n
      		\n
      \u7b49\u4ef7\u4e8e -vET<\/div>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
      \n
      -b –number-nonblank<\/div>\n<\/td>\n
      		\n
      \u5bf9\u975e\u7a7a\u8f93\u51fa\u884c\u7f16\u53f7<\/div>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
      \n
      -e<\/div>\n<\/td>\n
      		\n
      \u7b49\u4ef7\u4e8e -vE<\/div>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
      \n
      -E –show-ends<\/div>\n<\/td>\n
      		\n
      \u5728\u6bcf\u884c\u7ed3\u675f\u5904\u663e\u793a $<\/div>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
      \n
      -n –number<\/div>\n<\/td>\n
      		\n
      \u5bf9\u8f93\u51fa\u7684\u6240\u6709\u884c\u7f16\u53f7,\u7531 1 \u5f00\u59cb\u5bf9\u6240\u6709\u8f93\u51fa\u7684\u884c\u6570\u7f16\u53f7<\/div>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
      \n
      -s –squeeze-blank<\/div>\n<\/td>\n
      		\n
      \u6709\u8fde\u7eed\u4e24\u884c\u4ee5\u4e0a\u7684\u7a7a\u767d\u884c\uff0c\u5c31\u4ee3\u6362\u4e3a\u4e00\u884c\u7684\u7a7a\u767d\u884c<\/div>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
      \n
      -t<\/div>\n<\/td>\n
      		\n
      \u4e0e -vT \u7b49\u4ef7<\/div>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
      \n
      -T –show-tabs<\/div>\n<\/td>\n
      		\n
      \u5c06\u8df3\u683c\u5b57\u7b26\u663e\u793a\u4e3a ^I<\/div>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
      \n
      -u<\/div>\n<\/td>\n
      		\n
      (\u88ab\u5ffd\u7565)<\/div>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
      \n
      -v –show-nonprinting<\/div>\n<\/td>\n
      		\n
      \u4f7f\u7528 ^ \u548c M- \u5f15\u7528\uff0c\u9664\u4e86 LFD \u548c TAB \u4e4b\u5916<\/div>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n

      <\/li>\n

    7. nl\n
        \n
      1. \n
        nl \u547d\u4ee4\u5728 linux \u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\u7528\u6765\u8ba1\u7b97\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u884c\u53f7\u3002nl \u53ef\u4ee5\u5c06\u8f93\u51fa\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u5185\u5bb9\u81ea\u52a8\u7684\u52a0\u4e0a\u884c\u53f7\u3002\u5176\u9ed8\u8ba4\u7684\u7ed3\u679c\u4e0e cat -n \u6709\u70b9\u4e0d\u592a\u4e00\u6837\uff0c nl \u53ef\u4ee5\u5c06\u884c\u53f7\u505a\u6bd4\u8f83\u591a\u7684\u663e\u793a\u8bbe\u8ba1\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u4f4d\u6570\u4e0e\u662f\u5426\u81ea\u52a8\u8865\u9f50 0 \u7b49\u7b49\u7684\u529f\u80fd\u3002<\/div>\n
        nl \u547d\u4ee4\u662f number of lines \u7684\u7f29\u5199\u3002<\/div>\n
        \uff081\uff09\u547d\u4ee4\u683c\u5f0f<\/div>\n
        nl [\u9009\u9879] [\u6587\u4ef6]<\/div>\n
        \uff082\uff09\u5e38\u7528\u53c2\u6570<\/div>\n
        \n\n\n\n<\/colgroup>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
        \n
        \u53c2\u6570<\/div>\n<\/td>\n
        		\n
        \u63cf\u8ff0<\/div>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
        \n
        -b<\/div>\n<\/td>\n
        		\n
        \u6307\u5b9a\u884c\u53f7\u6307\u5b9a\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\uff0c\u4e3b\u8981\u6709\u4e24\u79cd\uff1a<\/div>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
        \n
        -b a<\/div>\n<\/td>\n
        		\n
        \u8868\u793a\u4e0d\u8bba\u662f\u5426\u4e3a\u7a7a\u884c\uff0c\u4e5f\u540c\u6837\u5217\u51fa\u884c\u53f7(\u7c7b\u4f3c cat -n)<\/div>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
        \n
        -b t<\/div>\n<\/td>\n
        		\n
        \u5982\u679c\u6709\u7a7a\u884c\uff0c\u7a7a\u7684\u90a3\u4e00\u884c\u4e0d\u8981\u5217\u51fa\u884c\u53f7(\u9ed8\u8ba4\u503c)<\/div>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
        \n
        -n<\/div>\n<\/td>\n
        		\n
        \u5217\u51fa\u884c\u53f7\u8868\u793a\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u4e3b\u8981\u6709\u4e09\u79cd\uff1a<\/div>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
        \n
        -n ln<\/div>\n<\/td>\n
        		\n
        \u884c\u53f7\u5728\u5c4f\u5e55\u7684\u6700\u5de6\u65b9\u663e\u793a<\/div>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
        \n
        -n rn<\/div>\n<\/td>\n
        		\n
        \u884c\u53f7\u5728\u81ea\u5df1\u680f\u4f4d\u7684\u6700\u53f3\u65b9\u663e\u793a\uff0c\u4e14\u4e0d\u52a0 0<\/div>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
        \n
        -n rz<\/div>\n<\/td>\n
        		\n
        \u884c\u53f7\u5728\u81ea\u5df1\u680f\u4f4d\u7684\u6700\u53f3\u65b9\u663e\u793a\uff0c\u4e14\u52a0 0<\/div>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
        \n
        -w<\/div>\n<\/td>\n
        		\n
        \u884c\u53f7\u680f\u4f4d\u7684\u5360\u7528\u7684\u4f4d\u6570<\/div>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n

        <\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<\/li>\n

      2. more\n
          \n
        1. \n
          more \u547d\u4ee4\uff0c\u529f\u80fd\u7c7b\u4f3c cat \uff0ccat \u547d\u4ee4\u662f\u5c06\u6574\u4e2a\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\u4ece\u4e0a\u5230\u4e0b\u663e\u793a\u5728\u5c4f\u5e55\u4e0a\u3002 more \u547d\u4ee4\u4f1a\u4e00\u9875\u4e00\u9875\u7684\u663e\u793a\uff0c\u65b9\u4fbf\u4f7f\u7528\u8005\u9010\u9875\u9605\u8bfb\uff0c\u800c\u6700\u57fa\u672c\u7684\u6307\u4ee4\u5c31\u662f\u6309\u7a7a\u767d\u952e\uff08space\uff09\u5f80\u4e0b\u4e00\u9875\u663e\u793a\uff0c\u6309 b \u952e\u5c31\u4f1a\u5f80\u56de\uff08back\uff09\u4e00\u9875\u663e\u793a\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u8fd8\u6709\u641c\u5bfb\u5b57\u4e32\u7684\u529f\u80fd \u3002more \u547d\u4ee4\u4ece\u524d\u5411\u540e\u8bfb\u53d6\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u5728\u542f\u52a8\u65f6\u5c31\u52a0\u8f7d\u6574\u4e2a\u6587\u4ef6\u3002<\/div>\n
          \uff081\uff09\u547d\u4ee4\u683c\u5f0f<\/div>\n
          more [\u9009\u9879] \u6587\u4ef6<\/div>\n
          \uff082\uff09\u5e38\u7528\u53c2\u6570<\/div>\n
          \n\n\n\n<\/colgroup>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
          \n
          \u53c2\u6570<\/div>\n<\/td>\n
          		\n
          \u63cf\u8ff0<\/div>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
          \n
          +n<\/div>\n<\/td>\n
          		\n
          \u4ece\u7b2b n \u884c\u5f00\u59cb\u663e\u793a<\/div>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
          \n
          -n<\/div>\n<\/td>\n
          		\n
          \u5b9a\u4e49\u5c4f\u5e55\u5927\u5c0f\u4e3a n \u884c<\/div>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
          \n
          +\/pattern<\/div>\n<\/td>\n
          		\n
          \u5728\u6bcf\u4e2a\u6863\u6848\u663e\u793a\u524d\u641c\u5bfb\u8be5\u5b57\u4e32\uff08pattern\uff09\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u4ece\u8be5\u5b57\u4e32\u524d\u4e24\u884c\u4e4b\u540e\u5f00\u59cb\u663e\u793a<\/div>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
          \n
          -c<\/div>\n<\/td>\n
          		\n
          \u4ece\u9876\u90e8\u6e05\u5c4f\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u663e\u793a<\/div>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
          \n
          -d<\/div>\n<\/td>\n
          		\n
          \u63d0\u793a\u201cPress space to continue\uff0c\u2019q\u2019 to quiet\u201d\uff0c\u7981\u7528\u54cd\u94c3\u529f\u80fd<\/div>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
          \n
          -p<\/div>\n<\/td>\n
          		\n
          \u901a\u8fc7\u6e05\u9664\u7a97\u53e3\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u6eda\u5c4f\u6765\u5bf9\u6587\u4ef6\u8fdb\u884c\u6362\u9875\uff0c\u4e0e-c \u9009\u9879\u76f8\u4f3c<\/div>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
          \n
          -s<\/div>\n<\/td>\n
          		\n
          \u628a\u8fde\u7eed\u7684\u591a\u4e2a\u7a7a\u884c\u663e\u793a\u4e3a\u4e00\u884c<\/div>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
          \n
          -u<\/div>\n<\/td>\n
          		\n
          \u628a\u6587\u4ef6\u5185\u5bb9\u4e2d\u7684\u4e0b\u753b\u7ebf\u53bb\u6389<\/div>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n
          \uff083\uff09\u5e38\u7528\u64cd\u4f5c<\/div>\n
          \n\n\n\n<\/colgroup>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
          \n
          \u7b26\u53f7<\/div>\n<\/td>\n
          		\n
          \u63cf\u8ff0<\/div>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
          \n
          =<\/div>\n<\/td>\n
          		\n
          \u8f93\u51fa\u5f53\u524d\u884c\u7684\u884c\u53f7<\/div>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
          \n
          q<\/div>\n<\/td>\n
          		\n
          \u9000\u51fa more<\/div>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
          \n
          \u7a7a\u683c\u952e<\/div>\n<\/td>\n
          		\n
          \u5411\u4e0b\u6eda\u52a8\u4e00\u5c4f<\/div>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
          \n
          b<\/div>\n<\/td>\n
          		\n
          \u8fd4\u56de\u4e0a\u4e00\u5c4f<\/div>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n

          <\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<\/li>\n

        2. less\n
            \n
          1. \n
            less \u5de5\u5177\u4e5f\u662f\u5bf9\u6587\u4ef6\u6216\u5176\u5b83\u8f93\u51fa\u8fdb\u884c\u5206\u9875\u663e\u793a\u7684\u5de5\u5177\uff0c\u5e94\u8be5\u8bf4\u662f linux \u6b63\u7edf\u67e5\u770b\u6587\u4ef6\u5185\u5bb9\u7684\u5de5\u5177\uff0c\u529f\u80fd\u6781\u5176\u5f3a\u5927\u3002<\/div>\n
            \uff081\uff09\u547d\u4ee4\u683c\u5f0f<\/div>\n
            less [\u9009\u9879] \u6587\u4ef6<\/div>\n
            \uff082\uff09\u5e38\u7528\u53c2\u6570<\/div>\n
            \n\n\n\n<\/colgroup>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
            \n
            \u53c2\u6570<\/div>\n<\/td>\n
            		\n
            \u63cf\u8ff0<\/div>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
            \n
            -e<\/div>\n<\/td>\n
            		\n
            \u5f53\u6587\u4ef6\u663e\u793a\u7ed3\u675f\u540e\uff0c\u81ea\u52a8\u79bb\u5f00<\/div>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
            \n
            -f<\/div>\n<\/td>\n
            		\n
            \u5f3a\u8feb\u6253\u5f00\u7279\u6b8a\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u5916\u56f4\u8bbe\u5907\u4ee3\u53f7\u3001\u76ee\u5f55\u548c\u4e8c\u8fdb\u5236\u6587\u4ef6<\/div>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
            \n
            -i<\/div>\n<\/td>\n
            		\n
            \u5ffd\u7565\u641c\u7d22\u65f6\u7684\u5927\u5c0f\u5199<\/div>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
            \n
            -m<\/div>\n<\/td>\n
            		\n
            \u663e\u793a\u7c7b\u4f3c more \u547d\u4ee4\u7684\u767e\u5206\u6bd4<\/div>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
            \n
            -N<\/div>\n<\/td>\n
            		\n
            \u663e\u793a\u6bcf\u884c\u7684\u884c\u53f7<\/div>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
            \n
            -s<\/div>\n<\/td>\n
            		\n
            \u663e\u793a\u8fde\u7eed\u7a7a\u884c\u4e3a\u4e00\u884c<\/div>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n
            \uff083\uff09\u5e38\u7528\u64cd\u4f5c<\/div>\n
            \n\n\n\n<\/colgroup>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
            \n
            \u7b26\u53f7<\/div>\n<\/td>\n
            		\n
            \u63cf\u8ff0<\/div>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
            \n
            \/\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32<\/div>\n<\/td>\n
            		\n
            \u5411\u4e0b\u641c\u7d22\u201c\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u201d\u7684\u529f\u80fd<\/div>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
            \n
            ?\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32<\/div>\n<\/td>\n
            		\n
            \u5411\u4e0a\u641c\u7d22\u201c\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u201d\u7684\u529f\u80fd<\/div>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
            \n
            n<\/div>\n<\/td>\n
            		\n
            \u91cd\u590d\u524d\u4e00\u4e2a\u641c\u7d22\uff08\u4e0e \/ \u6216 ? \u6709\u5173\uff09<\/div>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
            \n
            N<\/div>\n<\/td>\n
            		\n
            \u53cd\u5411\u91cd\u590d\u524d\u4e00\u4e2a\u641c\u7d22\uff08\u4e0e \/ \u6216 ? \u6709\u5173\uff09<\/div>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
            \n
            b<\/div>\n<\/td>\n
            		\n
            \u5411\u524d\u7ffb\u4e00\u9875<\/div>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
            \n
            d<\/div>\n<\/td>\n
            		\n
            \u5411\u540e\u7ffb\u534a\u9875<\/div>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
            \n
            q<\/div>\n<\/td>\n
            		\n
            \u9000\u51fa less \u547d\u4ee4<\/div>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
            \n
            \u7a7a\u683c\u952e<\/div>\n<\/td>\n
            		\n
            \u5411\u540e\u7ffb\u4e00\u9875<\/div>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
            \n
            \u5411\u4e0a\u952e<\/div>\n<\/td>\n
            		\n
            \u5411\u4e0a\u7ffb\u52a8\u4e00\u884c<\/div>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
            \n
            \u5411\u4e0b\u952e<\/div>\n<\/td>\n
            		\n
            \u5411\u4e0b\u7ffb\u52a8\u4e00\u884c<\/div>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n
            \uff084\uff09\u5e38\u7528\u8303\u4f8b<\/div>\n
            <\/div>\n
            <\/div>\n
            less \u4e0e cat \u548c more \u7684\u533a\u522b\uff1a<\/div>\n
            cat \u547d\u4ee4\u529f\u80fd\uff1a\u7528\u4e8e\u663e\u793a\u6574\u4e2a\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\uff0c\u5355\u72ec\u4f7f\u7528\u6ca1\u6709\u7ffb\u9875\u529f\u80fd\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\u7ecf\u5e38\u548c more \u547d\u4ee4\u642d\u914d\u4f7f\u7528\uff0ccat \u547d\u4ee4\u8fd8\u6709\u5c31\u662f\u53ef\u4ee5\u5c06\u6570\u4e2a\u6587\u4ef6\u5408\u5e76\u6210\u4e00\u4e2a\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u529f\u80fd\u3002<\/div>\n
            more \u547d\u4ee4\u529f\u80fd\uff1a\u8ba9\u753b\u9762\u5728\u663e\u793a\u6ee1\u4e00\u9875\u65f6\u6682\u505c\uff0c\u6b64\u65f6\u53ef\u6309\u7a7a\u683c\u5065\u7ee7\u7eed\u663e\u793a\u4e0b\u4e00\u4e2a\u753b\u9762\uff0c\u6216\u6309 q \u952e\u505c\u6b62\u663e\u793a\u3002<\/div>\n
            less \u547d\u4ee4\u529f\u80fd\uff1aless \u547d\u4ee4\u7684\u7528\u6cd5\u4e0e more \u547d\u4ee4\u7c7b\u4f3c\uff0c\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u6765\u6d4f\u89c8\u8d85\u8fc7\u4e00\u9875\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u3002\u6240\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u662f less \u547d\u4ee4\u9664\u4e86\u53ef\u4ee5\u6309\u7a7a\u683c\u952e\u5411\u4e0b\u663e\u793a\u6587\u4ef6\u5916\uff0c\u8fd8\u53ef\u4ee5\u5229\u7528\u4e0a\u4e0b\u952e\u6765\u5377\u52a8\u6587\u4ef6\u3002\u5f53\u8981\u7ed3\u675f\u6d4f\u89c8\u65f6\uff0c\u53ea\u8981\u5728 less \u547d\u4ee4\u7684\u63d0\u793a\u7b26\u201c\uff1a\u201d\u4e0b\u6309 q \u952e\u5373\u53ef\u3002<\/div>\n
            \u5176\u5b9e\u8fd9\u4e09\u4e2a\u547d\u4ee4\u9664\u4e86 cat \u547d\u4ee4\u6709\u5408\u5e76\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u529f\u80fd\uff0c\u5176\u4f59\u529f\u80fd\u4e0a\u76f8\u8fd1\uff0c\u53ea\u662f\u4ece\u6d4f\u89c8\u4e60\u60ef\u548c\u663e\u793a\u65b9\u5f0f\u4e0a\u6709\u6240\u4e0d\u540c\u3002<\/div>\n
            <\/div>\n

            <\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<\/li>\n

          2. which\n
              \n
            1. \n
              which \u547d\u4ee4\u7684\u4f5c\u7528\u662f\uff0c\u5728 PATH \u53d8\u91cf\u6307\u5b9a\u7684\u8def\u5f84\u4e2d\u641c\u7d22\u53ef\u6267\u884c\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u6240\u5728\u4f4d\u7f6e\u3002\u5b83\u4e00\u822c\u7528\u6765\u786e\u8ba4\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\u662f\u5426\u5b89\u88c5\u4e86\u6307\u5b9a\u7684\u8f6f\u4ef6\u3002<\/div>\n
              \uff081\uff09\u547d\u4ee4\u683c\u5f0f<\/div>\n
              which \u53ef\u6267\u884c\u6587\u4ef6\u540d\u79f0<\/div>\n

              <\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<\/li>\n

            2. whereis\n
                \n
              1. \n
                whereis \u547d\u4ee4\u4e3b\u8981\u7528\u4e8e\u5b9a\u4f4d\u53ef\u6267\u884c\u6587\u4ef6\u3001\u6e90\u4ee3\u7801\u6587\u4ef6\u3001\u5e2e\u52a9\u6587\u4ef6\u5728\u6587\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\u7684\u4f4d\u7f6e\u3002whereis \u547d\u4ee4\u8fd8\u5177\u6709\u641c\u7d22\u6e90\u4ee3\u7801\u3001\u6307\u5b9a\u5907\u7528\u641c\u7d22\u8def\u5f84\u548c\u641c\u7d22\u4e0d\u5bfb\u5e38\u9879\u7684\u80fd\u529b\u3002<\/div>\n
                whereis \u547d\u4ee4\u67e5\u627e\u901f\u5ea6\u975e\u5e38\u5feb\uff0c\u8fd9\u662f\u56e0\u4e3a\u5b83\u6839\u672c\u4e0d\u662f\u5728\u78c1\u76d8\u4e2d\u6f2b\u65e0\u76ee\u7684\u4e71\u627e\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u5728\u4e00\u4e2a\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u4e2d\uff08\/var\/lib\/mlocate\/\uff09\u67e5\u8be2\u3002\u8fd9\u4e2a\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u662f Linux \u7cfb\u7edf\u81ea\u52a8\u521b\u5efa\u7684\uff0c\u5305\u542b\u6709\u672c\u5730\u6240\u6709\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u6bcf\u5929\u901a\u8fc7\u81ea\u52a8\u6267\u884c updatedb \u547d\u4ee4\u66f4\u65b0\u4e00\u6b21\u3002\u4e5f\u6b63\u662f\u56e0\u4e3a\u8fd9\u4e2a\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u8981\u6bcf\u5929\u624d\u66f4\u65b0\u4e00\u6b21\uff0c\u5c31\u4f1a\u4f7f\u5f97 whereis \u547d\u4ee4\u7684\u641c\u7d22\u7ed3\u679c\u6709\u65f6\u5019\u4f1a\u4e0d\u51c6\u786e\uff0c\u6bd4\u5982\u521a\u6dfb\u52a0\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u53ef\u80fd\u641c\u4e0d\u5230\u3002<\/div>\n
                \uff081\uff09\u547d\u4ee4\u683c\u5f0f<\/div>\n
                whereis [\u9009\u9879] \u6587\u4ef6<\/div>\n
                \uff082\uff09\u5e38\u7528\u53c2\u6570<\/div>\n
                \n\n\n\n<\/colgroup>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
                \n
                \u53c2\u6570<\/div>\n<\/td>\n
                		\n
                \u63cf\u8ff0<\/div>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
                \n
                -b<\/div>\n<\/td>\n
                		\n
                \u5b9a\u4f4d\u53ef\u6267\u884c\u6587\u4ef6<\/div>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
                \n
                -m<\/div>\n<\/td>\n
                		\n
                \u5b9a\u4f4d\u5e2e\u52a9\u6587\u4ef6<\/div>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
                \n
                -s<\/div>\n<\/td>\n
                		\n
                \u5b9a\u4f4d\u6e90\u4ee3\u7801\u6587\u4ef6<\/div>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
                \n
                -u<\/div>\n<\/td>\n
                		\n
                \u641c\u7d22\u9ed8\u8ba4\u8def\u5f84\u4e0b\u9664\u53ef\u6267\u884c\u6587\u4ef6\u3001\u6e90\u4ee3\u7801\u6587\u4ef6\u3001\u5e2e\u52a9\u6587\u4ef6\u4ee5\u5916\u7684\u5176\u5b83\u6587\u4ef6<\/div>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
                \n
                -B<\/div>\n<\/td>\n
                		\n
                \u6307\u5b9a\u641c\u7d22\u53ef\u6267\u884c\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u8def\u5f84<\/div>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
                \n
                -M<\/div>\n<\/td>\n
                		\n
                \u6307\u5b9a\u641c\u7d22\u5e2e\u52a9\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u8def\u5f84<\/div>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
                \n
                -S<\/div>\n<\/td>\n
                		\n
                \u6307\u5b9a\u641c\u7d22\u6e90\u4ee3\u7801\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u8def\u5f84<\/div>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n
                <\/div>\n

                <\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<\/li>\n

              2. locate \u547d\u4ee4(ubuntu\u624d\u6709)\n
                  \n
                1. \n
                  locate \u547d\u4ee4\u8ddf whereis \u547d\u4ee4\u7c7b\u4f3c\uff0c\u4e14\u5b83\u4eec\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u662f\u76f8\u540c\u7684\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u3002\u4f46 whereis \u547d\u4ee4\u53ea\u80fd\u641c\u7d22\u53ef\u6267\u884c\u6587\u4ef6\u3001\u8054\u673a\u5e2e\u52a9\u6587\u4ef6\u548c\u6e90\u4ee3\u7801\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u8981\u83b7\u5f97\u66f4\u5168\u9762\u7684\u641c\u7d22\u7ed3\u679c\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528 locate \u547d\u4ee4\u3002<\/div>\n
                  locate \u547d\u4ee4\u4f7f\u7528\u4e86\u5341\u5206\u590d\u6742\u7684\u5339\u914d\u8bed\u6cd5\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u7279\u6b8a\u5b57\u5143\uff08\u5982\u2019*\u2019\u548c\u2019?\u2019\uff09\u6765\u6307\u5b9a\u9700\u8981\u67e5\u627e\u7684\u6837\u672c\u3002<\/div>\n
                  \uff081\uff09\u547d\u4ee4\u683c\u5f0f<\/div>\n
                  locate [\u9009\u9879] [\u641c\u7d22\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32]<\/div>\n
                  \uff082\uff09\u5e38\u7528\u53c2\u6570<\/div>\n
                  \n\n\n\n<\/colgroup>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
                  \n
                  \u53c2\u6570<\/div>\n<\/td>\n
                  		\n
                  \u63cf\u8ff0<\/div>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
                  \n
                  -q<\/div>\n<\/td>\n
                  		\n
                  \u5b89\u9759\u6a21\u5f0f\uff0c\u4e0d\u4f1a\u663e\u793a\u4efb\u4f55\u9519\u8bef\u8baf\u606f<\/div>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
                  \n
                  -n<\/div>\n<\/td>\n
                  		\n
                  \u81f3\u591a\u663e\u793a n \u4e2a\u8f93\u51fa<\/div>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
                  \n
                  -r<\/div>\n<\/td>\n
                  		\n
                  \u4f7f\u7528\u6b63\u89c4\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\u505a\u5bfb\u627e\u7684\u6761\u4ef6<\/div>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
                  \n
                  -V<\/div>\n<\/td>\n
                  		\n
                  \u663e\u793a\u7248\u672c\u8baf\u606f<\/div>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n

                  <\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<\/li>\n

                2. find\n
                    \n
                  1. \n
                    find \u547d\u4ee4\u4e3b\u8981\u4f5c\u7528\u662f\u6cbf\u7740\u6587\u4ef6\u5c42\u6b21\u7ed3\u6784\u5411\u4e0b\u904d\u5386\uff0c\u5339\u914d\u7b26\u5408\u6761\u4ef6\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u5e76\u6267\u884c\u76f8\u5e94\u7684\u64cd\u4f5c\u3002Linux \u4e0b find \u547d\u4ee4\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u76f8\u5f53\u591a\u7684\u67e5\u627e\u6761\u4ef6\uff0c\u529f\u80fd\u5f88\u5f3a\u5927\uff0c\u5bf9\u5e94\u7684\u5b66\u4e60\u96be\u5ea6\u4e5f\u6bd4\u8f83\u5927\u3002<\/div>\n
                    \uff081\uff09\u547d\u4ee4\u683c\u5f0f<\/div>\n
                    find [\u9009\u9879] [\u641c\u7d22\u8def\u5f84] [\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f]<\/div>\n
                    \u9ed8\u8ba4\u8def\u5f84\u662f\u5f53\u524d\u76ee\u5f55\uff0c\u9ed8\u8ba4\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\u4e3a-print\u3002<\/div>\n
                    \u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\u53ef\u80fd\u7531\u4e0b\u5217\u6210\u4efd\u7ec4\u6210\uff1a\u64cd\u4f5c\u7b26\u3001\u9009\u9879\u3001\u6d4b\u8bd5\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\u4ee5\u53ca\u52a8\u4f5c\u3002<\/div>\n
                    \uff082\uff09\u5e38\u7528\u53c2\u6570<\/div>\n
                    \n\n\n\n<\/colgroup>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
                    \n
                    \u53c2\u6570<\/div>\n<\/td>\n
                    		\n
                    \u63cf\u8ff0<\/div>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
                    \n
                    -print<\/div>\n<\/td>\n
                    		\n
                    find \u547d\u4ee4\u5c06\u5339\u914d\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u8f93\u51fa\u5230\u6807\u51c6\u8f93\u51fa<\/div>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
                    \n
                    -exec<\/div>\n<\/td>\n
                    		\n
                    find \u547d\u4ee4\u5bf9\u5339\u914d\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u6267\u884c\u8be5\u53c2\u6570\u6240\u7ed9\u51fa\u7684 shell \u547d\u4ee4<\/div>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
                    \n
                    -name<\/div>\n<\/td>\n
                    		\n
                    \u6309\u7167\u6587\u4ef6\u540d\u67e5\u627e\u6587\u4ef6<\/div>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
                    \n
                    -type<\/div>\n<\/td>\n
                    		\n
                    \u67e5\u627e\u67d0\u4e00\u7c7b\u578b\u7684\u6587\u4ef6<\/div>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
                    \n
                    -prune<\/div>\n<\/td>\n
                    		\n
                    \u4f7f\u7528\u8fd9\u4e00\u9009\u9879\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f find \u547d\u4ee4\u4e0d\u5728\u5f53\u524d\u6307\u5b9a\u7684\u76ee\u5f55\u4e2d\u67e5\u627e\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u540c \u65f6\u4f7f\u7528-depth \u9009\u9879\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48-prune \u5c06\u88ab find \u547d\u4ee4\u5ffd\u7565<\/div>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
                    \n
                    -user<\/div>\n<\/td>\n
                    		\n
                    \u6309\u7167\u6587\u4ef6\u5c5e\u4e3b\u6765\u67e5\u627e\u6587\u4ef6<\/div>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
                    \n
                    -group<\/div>\n<\/td>\n
                    		\n
                    \u6309\u7167\u6587\u4ef6\u6240\u5c5e\u7684\u7ec4\u6765\u67e5\u627e\u6587\u4ef6<\/div>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
                    \n
                    -mtime -n +n<\/div>\n<\/td>\n
                    		\n
                    \u6309\u7167\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u66f4\u6539\u65f6\u95f4\u6765\u67e5\u627e\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c-n \u8868\u793a\u6587\u4ef6\u66f4\u6539\u65f6\u95f4\u8ddd\u73b0\u5728\u5c0f\u4e8e n\u5929\uff0c+n \u8868\u793a\u6587\u4ef6\u66f4\u6539\u65f6\u95f4\u8ddd\u73b0\u5728\u5927\u4e8e n \u5929\uff0cfind \u547d\u4ee4\u8fd8\u6709-atime \u548c -ctime \u9009\u9879<\/div>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n

                    <\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<\/li>\n

                  2. xargs\n
                      \n
                    1. \n
                      \u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u7ba1\u9053\u5c06\u4e00\u4e2a\u547d\u4ee4\u7684 stdout\uff08\u6807\u51c6\u8f93\u51fa\uff09\u91cd\u5b9a\u5411\u5230\u53e6\u4e00\u4e2a\u547d\u4ee4\u7684 stdin\uff08\u6807\u51c6\u8f93\u5165\uff09\u3002\u4f46\u6709\u4e9b\u547d\u4ee4\u53ea\u80fd\u4ee5\u547d\u4ee4\u884c\u53c2\u6570\u7684\u5f62\u5f0f\u63a5\u6536\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u800c\u65e0\u6cd5\u901a\u8fc7 stdin \u63a5\u6536\u6570\u636e\u6d41\u3002\u5728\u8fd9\u79cd\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0c\u65e0\u6cd5\u901a\u8fc7\u7ba1\u9053\u5c06\u6570\u636e\u91cd\u5b9a\u5411\u7ed9\u8fd9\u4e9b\u547d\u4ee4\u3002<\/div>\n
                      \u8fd9\u65f6 xargs \u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u53d1\u6325\u5b83\u7684\u4f5c\u7528\u4e86\uff0cxargs \u547d\u4ee4\u53ef\u4ee5\u4ece\u6807\u51c6\u8f93\u5165\u63a5\u6536\u8f93\u5165\uff0c\u5e76\u628a\u8f93\u5165\u8f6c\u6362\u4e3a\u4e00\u4e2a\u7279\u5b9a\u7684\u53c2\u6570\u5217\u8868\u3002<\/div>\n
                      \uff081\uff09\u547d\u4ee4\u683c\u5f0f<\/div>\n
                      command | xargs [\u9009\u9879] [command]<\/div>\n
                      xargs \u547d\u4ee4\u5e94\u8be5\u7d27\u8ddf\u5728\u7ba1\u9053\u64cd\u4f5c\u7b26\u4e4b\u540e\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u5b83\u4ee5\u6807\u51c6\u8f93\u5165\u4f5c\u4e3a\u4e3b\u8981\u7684\u6e90\u6570\u636e\u6d41\u3002<\/div>\n
                      \uff082\uff09\u5e38\u7528\u53c2\u6570<\/div>\n
                      \n\n\n\n<\/colgroup>\n\n\n\n\n
                      \n
                      \u53c2\u6570<\/div>\n<\/td>\n
                      		\n
                      \u63cf\u8ff0<\/div>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
                      \n
                      -n<\/div>\n<\/td>\n
                      		\n
                      \u6307\u5b9a\u6bcf\u884c\u6700\u5927\u7684\u53c2\u6570\u6570\u91cf<\/div>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
                      \n
                      -d<\/div>\n<\/td>\n
                      		\n
                      \u6307\u5b9a\u5206\u9694\u7b26<\/div>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n
                      \uff083\uff09\u5e38\u7528\u8303\u4f8b<\/div>\n

                      <\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<\/li>\n

                    2. wc\n
                        \n
                      1. \n
                        wc \u547d\u4ee4\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u7edf\u8ba1\u7684\u5de5\u5177\uff0c\u4e3b\u8981\u7528\u6765\u663e\u793a\u6587\u4ef6\u6240\u5305\u542b\u7684\u884c\u3001\u5b57\u548c\u5b57\u8282\u6570\u3002<\/div>\n
                        wc \u547d\u4ee4\u662f word count \u7684\u7f29\u5199\u3002<\/div>\n
                        \uff081\uff09\u547d\u4ee4\u683c\u5f0f<\/div>\n
                        wc [\u9009\u9879] [\u6587\u4ef6]<\/div>\n
                        \uff082\uff09\u5e38\u7528\u53c2\u6570<\/div>\n
                        \n\n\n\n<\/colgroup>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
                        \n
                        \u53c2\u6570<\/div>\n<\/td>\n
                        		\n
                        \u63cf\u8ff0<\/div>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
                        \n
                        -c<\/div>\n<\/td>\n
                        		\n
                        \u7edf\u8ba1\u5b57\u8282\u6570<\/div>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
                        \n
                        -l<\/div>\n<\/td>\n
                        		\n
                        \u7edf\u8ba1\u884c\u6570<\/div>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
                        \n
                        -m<\/div>\n<\/td>\n
                        		\n
                        \u7edf\u8ba1\u5b57\u7b26\u6570\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u6807\u5fd7\u4e0d\u80fd\u4e0e -c \u6807\u5fd7\u4e00\u8d77\u4f7f\u7528<\/div>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
                        \n
                        -w<\/div>\n<\/td>\n
                        		\n
                        \u7edf\u8ba1\u5b57\u6570\uff0c\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b57\u88ab\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e3a\u7531\u7a7a\u767d\u3001\u8df3\u683c\u6216\u6362\u884c\u5b57\u7b26\u5206\u9694\u7684\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32<\/div>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
                        \n
                        -L<\/div>\n<\/td>\n
                        		\n
                        \u6253\u5370\u6700\u957f\u884c\u7684\u957f\u5ea6<\/div>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n

                        <\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<\/li>\n

                      2. grep\n
                          \n
                        1. \n
                          grep \u662f\u4e2a\u5f88\u5f3a\u5927\u7684\u547d\u4ee4\uff0c\u7528\u6765\u627e\u5230\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u7684\u5339\u914d\u6587\u672c\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u80fd\u591f\u63a5\u53d7\u6b63\u5219\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\u548c\u901a\u914d\u7b26\uff0c\u540c\u65f6\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u591a\u4e2a grep \u547d\u4ee4\u9009\u9879\u6765\u751f\u6210\u5404\u79cd\u683c\u5f0f\u7684\u8f93\u51fa\u3002<\/div>\n
                          grep \u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\u65b9\u5f0f\u662f\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\uff0c\u5b83\u5728\u4e00\u4e2a\u6216\u591a\u4e2a\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u641c\u7d22\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u6a21\u677f\u3002\u5982\u679c\u6a21\u677f\u5305\u62ec\u7a7a\u683c\uff0c\u5219\u5fc5\u987b\u88ab\u5f15\u7528\uff0c\u6a21\u677f\u540e\u7684\u6240\u6709\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u88ab\u770b\u4f5c\u6587\u4ef6\u540d\u3002\u641c\u7d22\u7684\u7ed3\u679c\u88ab\u9001\u5230\u6807\u51c6\u8f93\u51fa\uff0c\u4e0d\u5f71\u54cd\u539f\u6587\u4ef6\u5185\u5bb9\u3002<\/div>\n
                          grep \u53ef\u7528\u4e8e shell \u811a\u672c\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a grep \u901a\u8fc7\u8fd4\u56de\u4e00\u4e2a\u72b6\u6001\u503c\u6765\u8bf4\u660e\u641c\u7d22\u7684\u72b6\u6001\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u6a21\u677f\u641c\u7d22\u6210\u529f\uff0c\u5219\u8fd4\u56de 0\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u641c\u7d22\u4e0d\u6210\u529f\uff0c\u5219\u8fd4\u56de 1\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u641c\u7d22\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u4e0d\u5b58\u5728\uff0c\u5219\u8fd4\u56de 2\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u5229\u7528\u8fd9\u4e9b\u8fd4\u56de\u503c\u5c31\u53ef\u8fdb\u884c\u4e00\u4e9b\u81ea\u52a8\u5316\u7684\u6587\u672c\u5904\u7406\u5de5\u4f5c\u3002<\/div>\n
                          \uff081\uff09\u547d\u4ee4\u683c\u5f0f<\/div>\n
                          grep [\u9009\u9879] pattern [file]<\/div>\n
                          \uff082\uff09\u5e38\u7528\u53c2\u6570<\/div>\n
                          \n\n\n\n<\/colgroup>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
                          \n
                          \u53c2\u6570<\/div>\n<\/td>\n
                          		\n
                          \u63cf\u8ff0<\/div>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
                          \n
                          -c<\/div>\n<\/td>\n
                          		\n
                          \u8ba1\u7b97\u627e\u5230 ‘\u641c\u5bfb\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32'(\u5373 pattern) \u7684\u6b21\u6570<\/div>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
                          \n
                          -i<\/div>\n<\/td>\n
                          		\n
                          \u5ffd\u7565\u5927\u5c0f\u5199\u7684\u4e0d\u540c\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u5927\u5c0f\u5199\u89c6\u4e3a\u76f8\u540c<\/div>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
                          \n
                          -n<\/div>\n<\/td>\n
                          		\n
                          \u8f93\u51fa\u884c\u53f7<\/div>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
                          \n
                          -v<\/div>\n<\/td>\n
                          		\n
                          \u53cd\u5411\u9009\u62e9\uff0c\u6253\u5370\u4e0d\u5339\u914d\u7684\u884c<\/div>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
                          \n
                          -r<\/div>\n<\/td>\n
                          		\n
                          \u9012\u5f52\u641c\u7d22<\/div>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
                          \n
                          –color=auto<\/div>\n<\/td>\n
                          		\n
                          \u5c06\u627e\u5230\u7684\u5173\u952e\u8bcd\u90e8\u5206\u52a0\u4e0a\u989c\u8272\u663e\u793a<\/div>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n
                          \u6b63\u5219\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u7b26\u53f7\u8868\u793a\u6cd5\uff0c\u88ab\u7528\u6765\u8bc6\u522b\u6587\u672c\u6a21\u5f0f\u3002\u5728\u67d0\u79cd\u7a0b\u5ea6\u4e0a\uff0c\u5b83\u4eec\u4e0e\u5339\u914d\u6587\u4ef6\u548c\u8def\u5f84\u540d\u7684 shell \u901a\u914d\u7b26\u6bd4\u8f83\u76f8\u4f3c\uff0c\u4f46\u5176\u89c4\u6a21\u66f4\u5927\u3002\u8bb8\u591a\u547d\u4ee4\u884c\u5de5\u5177\u548c\u5927\u591a\u6570\u7684\u7f16\u7a0b\u8bed\u8a00\u90fd\u652f\u6301\u6b63\u5219\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\uff0c\u4ee5\u6b64\u6765\u5e2e\u52a9\u89e3\u51b3\u6587\u672c\u64cd\u4f5c\u95ee\u9898\u3002<\/div>\n
                          \u6b63\u5219\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\u5143\u5b57\u7b26\u7531\u4ee5\u4e0b\u5b57\u7b26\u7ec4\u6210\uff1a<\/div>\n
                          ^ $ . [ ] { } – ? * + ( ) | \\<\/div>\n
                          \"\"<\/div>\n

                          <\/p>\n<\/div>\n

                          <\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<\/li>\n

                        2. cut\n
                            \n
                          1. \n
                            cut \u547d\u4ee4\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u5c06\u6587\u672c\u6309\u5217\u8fdb\u884c\u5207\u5206\u7684\u5c0f\u5de5\u5177\uff0c\u5b83\u53ef\u4ee5\u6307\u5b9a\u5206\u9694\u6bcf\u5217\u7684\u5b9a\u754c\u7b26\u3002<\/div>\n
                            \u5982\u679c\u4e00\u884c\u6570\u636e\u5305\u542b\u591a\u4e2a\u5b57\u6bb5\uff08\u591a\u5217\uff09\uff0c\u73b0\u5728\u60f3\u8981\u63d0\u53d6\u5176\u4e2d\u7684\u4e00\u5217\u6216\u591a\u5217\uff0c\u8fd9\u662f cut \u547d\u4ee4\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u5927\u663e\u8eab\u624b\u4e86\u3002<\/div>\n
                            \uff081\uff09\u547d\u4ee4\u683c\u5f0f<\/div>\n
                            cut [\u9009\u9879] [\u6587\u4ef6\u540d]<\/div>\n
                            \uff082\uff09\u5e38\u7528\u53c2\u6570<\/div>\n
                            \n\n\n\n<\/colgroup>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
                            \n
                            \u53c2\u6570<\/div>\n<\/td>\n
                            		\n
                            \u63cf\u8ff0<\/div>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
                            \n
                            -b<\/div>\n<\/td>\n
                            		\n
                            \u4ee5\u5b57\u8282\u4e3a\u5355\u4f4d\u8fdb\u884c\u5206\u5272<\/div>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
                            \n
                            -c<\/div>\n<\/td>\n
                            		\n
                            \u4ee5\u5b57\u7b26\u4e3a\u5355\u4f4d\u8fdb\u884c\u5206\u5272<\/div>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
                            \n
                            -d<\/div>\n<\/td>\n
                            		\n
                            \u81ea\u5b9a\u4e49\u5206\u9694\u7b26\uff0c\u9ed8\u8ba4\u4e3a\u5236\u8868\u7b26<\/div>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
                            \n
                            -f<\/div>\n<\/td>\n
                            		\n
                            \u81ea\u5b9a\u4e49\u5b57\u6bb5<\/div>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
                            \n
                            –complement<\/div>\n<\/td>\n
                            		\n
                            \u62bd\u53d6\u6574\u4e2a\u6587\u672c\u884c\uff0c\u9664\u4e86\u90a3\u4e9b\u7531 -c \u6216 -f \u9009\u9879\u6307\u5b9a\u7684\u6587\u672c<\/div>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n

                            <\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<\/li>\n

                          2. paste\n
                              \n
                            1. \n
                              paste \u547d\u4ee4\u7684\u529f\u80fd\u6b63\u597d\u4e0e cut \u76f8\u53cd\u3002\u5b83\u4f1a\u6dfb\u52a0\u4e00\u4e2a\u6216\u591a\u4e2a\u6587\u672c\u5217\u5230\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u4ece\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u62bd\u53d6\u6587\u672c\u5217\u3002\u5b83\u901a\u8fc7\u8bfb\u53d6\u591a\u4e2a\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u628a\u6bcf\u4e2a\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u7684\u5b57\u6bb5\u6574\u5408\u6210\u5355\u4e2a\u6587\u672c\u6d41\uff0c\u8f93\u5165\u5230\u6807\u51c6\u8f93\u51fa\u3002<\/div>\n
                              \uff081\uff09\u547d\u4ee4\u683c\u5f0f<\/div>\n
                              paste [\u9009\u9879] [\u6587\u4ef6\u540d]<\/div>\n
                              \uff082\uff09\u5e38\u7528\u53c2\u6570<\/div>\n
                              \n\n\n\n<\/colgroup>\n\n\n\n\n
                              \n
                              \u53c2\u6570<\/div>\n<\/td>\n
                              		\n
                              \u63cf\u8ff0<\/div>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
                              \n
                              -s<\/div>\n<\/td>\n
                              		\n
                              \u5c06\u6bcf\u4e2a\u6587\u4ef6\u5408\u5e76\u6210\u884c\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u6309\u884c\u7c98\u8d34<\/div>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
                              \n
                              -d<\/div>\n<\/td>\n
                              		\n
                              \u81ea\u5b9a\u4e49\u5206\u9694\u7b26\uff0c\u9ed8\u8ba4\u4e3a\u5236\u8868\u7b26<\/div>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n

                              <\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<\/li>\n

                            2. tr\n
                                \n
                              1. \n
                                tr \u547d\u4ee4\u5e38\u88ab\u7528\u6765\u66f4\u6539\u5b57\u7b26\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u628a\u5b83\u770b\u4f5c\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u57fa\u4e8e\u5b57\u7b26\u7684\u67e5\u627e\u548c\u66ff\u6362\u64cd\u4f5c\u3002\u6362\u5b57\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u628a\u5b57\u7b26\u4ece\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b57\u6bcd\u8f6c\u6362\u4e3a\u53e6\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b57\u6bcd\u7684\u8fc7\u7a0b\u3002tr \u4ece\u6807\u51c6\u8f93\u5165\u4e2d\u66ff\u6362\u3001\u7f29\u51cf\u548c\/\u6216\u5220\u9664\u5b57\u7b26\uff0c\u5e76\u5c06\u7ed3\u679c\u5199\u5230\u6807\u51c6\u8f93\u51fa\u3002<\/div>\n
                                tr \u53ea\u80fd\u901a\u8fc7 stdin\uff08\u6807\u51c6\u8f93\u5165\uff09\uff0c\u800c\u65e0\u6cd5\u901a\u8fc7\u547d\u4ee4\u884c\u53c2\u6570\u6765\u63a5\u53d7\u8f93\u5165\u3002<\/div>\n
                                tr \u662f translate\uff08\u8f6c\u6362\uff09\u7684\u7f29\u5199\u3002<\/div>\n
                                \uff081\uff09\u547d\u4ee4\u683c\u5f0f<\/div>\n
                                tr [\u9009\u9879] SET1 SET2<\/div>\n
                                \u5c06\u6765\u81ea stdin \u7684\u8f93\u5165\u5b57\u7b26\u4ece SET1 \u6620\u5c04\u5230 SET2\uff0c\u5e76\u5c06\u5176\u8f93\u51fa\u5199\u5165 stdout\uff08\u6807\u51c6\u8f93\u51fa\uff09\u3002SET1 \u548c SET2 \u662f\u5b57\u7b26\u7c7b\u6216\u5b57\u7b26\u96c6\u3002\u5982\u679c\u4e24\u4e2a\u5b57\u7b26\u96c6\u7684\u957f\u5ea6\u4e0d\u76f8\u7b49\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48 SET2 \u4f1a\u4e0d\u65ad\u91cd\u590d\u5176\u6700\u540e\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b57\u7b26\uff0c\u76f4\u5230\u957f\u5ea6\u4e0e SET1 \u76f8\u540c\u3002\u5982\u679c SET2 \u7684\u957f\u5ea6\u5927\u4e8e SET1\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u5728 SET2 \u4e2d\u8d85\u51fa SET1 \u7684\u90a3\u90e8\u5206\u5b57\u7b26\u5219\u5168\u90e8\u88ab\u5ffd\u7565\u3002<\/div>\n
                                \uff082\uff09\u5e38\u7528\u53c2\u6570<\/div>\n
                                \n\n\n\n<\/colgroup>\n\n\n\n
                                \n
                                \u53c2\u6570<\/div>\n<\/td>\n
                                		\n
                                \u63cf\u8ff0<\/div>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
                                \n
                                -d<\/div>\n<\/td>\n
                                		\n
                                \u5220\u9664\u5339\u914d SET1 \u7684\u5185\u5bb9\uff0c\u5e76\u4e0d\u4f5c\u66ff\u6362<\/div>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n

                                <\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<\/li>\n

                              2. sort\n
                                  \n
                                1. \n
                                  \u540c\u6587\u672c\u6587\u4ef6\u6253\u4ea4\u9053\u65f6\uff0c\u603b\u907f\u4e0d\u5f00\u6392\u5e8f\uff0c\u90a3\u662f\u56e0\u4e3a\u5bf9\u4e8e\u6587\u672c\u5904\u7406\u4efb\u52a1\u800c\u8a00\uff0c\u6392\u5e8f\uff08sort\uff09\u53ef\u4ee5\u8d77\u5230\u4e0d\u5c0f\u7684\u4f5c\u7528\u3002sort \u547d\u4ee4\u80fd\u591f\u5e2e\u52a9\u6211\u4eec\u5bf9\u6587\u672c\u6587\u4ef6\u548c stdin \u8fdb\u884c\u6392\u5e8f\u64cd\u4f5c\u3002\u901a\u5e38\uff0c\u5b83\u4f1a\u7ed3\u5408\u5176\u4ed6\u547d\u4ee4\u6765\u751f\u6210\u6240\u9700\u8981\u7684\u8f93\u51fa\u3002<\/div>\n
                                  \uff081\uff09\u547d\u4ee4\u683c\u5f0f<\/div>\n
                                  sort [\u9009\u9879] [\u6587\u4ef6\u540d]<\/div>\n
                                  \uff082\uff09\u5e38\u7528\u53c2\u6570<\/div>\n
                                  \n\n\n\n<\/colgroup>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
                                  \n
                                  \u53c2\u6570<\/div>\n<\/td>\n
                                  		\n
                                  \u63cf\u8ff0<\/div>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
                                  \n
                                  -n<\/div>\n<\/td>\n
                                  		\n
                                  \u57fa\u4e8e\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u7684\u957f\u5ea6\u6765\u6392\u5e8f,\u4f7f\u7528\u6b64\u9009\u9879\u5141\u8bb8\u6839\u636e\u6570\u5b57\u503c\u6392\u5e8f\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u5b57\u6bcd\u503c<\/div>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
                                  \n
                                  -k<\/div>\n<\/td>\n
                                  		\n
                                  \u6307\u5b9a\u6392\u5e8f\u5173\u952e\u5b57<\/div>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
                                  \n
                                  -b<\/div>\n<\/td>\n
                                  		\n
                                  \u9ed8\u8ba4\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0c\u5bf9\u6574\u884c\u8fdb\u884c\u6392\u5e8f\uff0c\u4ece\u6bcf\u884c\u7684\u7b2c\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b57\u7b26\u5f00\u59cb\u3002\u8fd9\u4e2a\u9009\u9879\u5bfc\u81f4 sort \u7a0b\u5e8f\u5ffd\u7565\u6bcf\u884c\u5f00\u5934\u7684\u7a7a\u683c\uff0c\u4ece\u7b2c\u4e00\u4e2a\u975e\u7a7a\u767d\u5b57\u7b26\u5f00\u59cb\u6392\u5e8f<\/div>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
                                  \n
                                  -m<\/div>\n<\/td>\n
                                  		\n
                                  \u53ea\u5408\u5e76\u591a\u4e2a\u8f93\u5165\u6587\u4ef6<\/div>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
                                  \n
                                  -r<\/div>\n<\/td>\n
                                  		\n
                                  \u6309\u76f8\u53cd\u987a\u5e8f\u6392\u5e8f,\u7ed3\u679c\u6309\u7167\u964d\u5e8f\u6392\u5217\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u5347\u5e8f<\/div>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
                                  \n
                                  -t<\/div>\n<\/td>\n
                                  		\n
                                  \u81ea\u5b9a\u4e49\u5206\u9694\u7b26\uff0c\u9ed8\u8ba4\u4e3a\u5236\u8868\u7b26<\/div>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n
                                  \uff083\uff09\u5e38\u7528\u8303\u4f8b<\/div>\n

                                  <\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<\/li>\n

                                2. join\n
                                    \n
                                  1. \n
                                    join \u547d\u4ee4\u7c7b\u4f3c\u4e8e paste\uff0c\u5b83\u4f1a\u5f80\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u6dfb\u52a0\u5217\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u5b83\u4f7f\u7528\u4e86\u72ec\u7279\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u6765\u5b8c\u6210\u3002\u4e00\u4e2a join \u64cd\u4f5c\u901a\u5e38\u4e0e\u5173\u7cfb\u578b\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u6709\u5173\u8054\uff0c\u5728\u5173\u7cfb\u578b\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u4e2d\u6765\u81ea\u591a\u4e2a\u4eab\u6709\u5171\u540c\u5173\u952e\u57df\u7684\u8868\u683c\u7684\u6570\u636e\u7ed3\u5408\u8d77\u6765\uff0c\u5f97\u5230\u4e00\u4e2a\u671f\u671b\u7684\u7ed3\u679c\u3002\u8fd9\u4e2a join \u547d\u4ee4\u6267\u884c\u76f8\u540c\u7684\u64cd\u4f5c\uff0c\u5b83\u628a\u6765\u81ea\u4e8e\u591a\u4e2a\u57fa\u4e8e\u5171\u4eab\u5173\u952e\u57df\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u6570\u636e\u7ed3\u5408\u8d77\u6765\u3002<\/div>\n
                                    \u901a\u4fd7\u5730\u8bf4\uff0c\u5c31\u662f\u5c06\u4e24\u4e2a\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u6307\u5b9a\u680f\u4f4d\u76f8\u540c\u7684\u884c\u8fde\u63a5\u8d77\u6765\uff0c\u5373\u6309\u7167\u4e24\u4e2a\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u5171\u540c\u62e5\u6709\u7684\u67d0\u4e00\u5217\uff0c\u5c06\u5bf9\u5e94\u7684\u884c\u62fc\u63a5\u6210\u4e00\u884c\u3002<\/div>\n
                                    \uff081\uff09\u547d\u4ee4\u683c\u5f0f<\/div>\n
                                    join [\u9009\u9879] \u6587\u4ef6 1 \u6587\u4ef6 2<\/div>\n
                                    \uff082\uff09\u5e38\u7528\u53c2\u6570<\/div>\n
                                    \n\n\n\n<\/colgroup>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
                                    \n
                                    \u53c2\u6570<\/div>\n<\/td>\n
                                    		\n
                                    \u63cf\u8ff0<\/div>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
                                    \n
                                    -j FIELD<\/div>\n<\/td>\n
                                    		\n
                                    \u7b49\u540c\u4e8e -1 FIELD -2 FIELD,-j \u6307\u5b9a\u4e00\u4e2a\u57df\u4f5c\u4e3a\u5339\u914d\u5b57\u6bb5<\/div>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
                                    \n
                                    -1 FIELD<\/div>\n<\/td>\n
                                    		\n
                                    \u4ee5 file1 \u4e2d FIELD \u5b57\u6bb5\u8fdb\u884c\u5339\u914d<\/div>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
                                    \n
                                    -2 FIELD<\/div>\n<\/td>\n
                                    		\n
                                    \u4ee5 file2 \u4e2d FIELD \u5b57\u6bb5\u8fdb\u884c\u5339\u914d<\/div>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
                                    \n
                                    -t<\/div>\n<\/td>\n
                                    		\n
                                    \u81ea\u5b9a\u4e49\u5206\u9694\u7b26\uff0c\u9ed8\u8ba4\u4e3a\u5236\u8868\u7b26<\/div>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n

                                    <\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<\/li>\n

                                  2. comm\n
                                      \n
                                    1. \n
                                      \u901a\u5e38\u6bd4\u8f83\u6587\u672c\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\u5f88\u6709\u5e2e\u52a9\u3002\u5bf9\u4e8e\u7cfb\u7edf\u7ba1\u7406\u5458\u548c\u8f6f\u4ef6\u5f00\u53d1\u8005\u6765\u8bf4\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5c24\u4e3a\u91cd\u8981\u3002\u4e00\u540d\u7cfb\u7edf\u7ba1\u7406\u5458\u53ef\u80fd\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u62ff\u73b0\u6709\u7684\u914d\u7f6e\u6587\u4ef6\u4e0e\u5148\u524d\u7684\u7248\u672c\u505a\u6bd4\u8f83\uff0c\u6765\u8bca\u65ad\u4e00\u4e2a\u7cfb\u7edf\u9519\u8bef\u3002\u540c\u6837\u7684\uff0c\u4e00\u540d\u7a0b\u5e8f\u5458\u7ecf\u5e38\u9700\u8981\u67e5\u770b\u7a0b\u5e8f\u7684\u4fee\u6539\u3002<\/div>\n
                                      comm \u547d\u4ee4\u5c06\u9010\u884c\u6bd4\u8f83\u5df2\u7ecf\u6392\u5e8f\u7684\u4e24\u4e2a\u6587\u4ef6\u3002\u663e\u793a\u7ed3\u679c\u5305\u62ec 3 \u5217\uff1a\u7b2c 1 \u5217\u4e3a\u53ea\u5728\u7b2c\u4e00\u4e2a\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u627e\u5230\u7684\u884c\uff0c\u7b2c 2 \u5217\u4e3a\u53ea\u5728\u7b2c\u4e8c\u4e2a\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u627e\u5230\u7684\u884c\uff0c\u7b2c 3 \u5217\u4e3a\u4e24\u4e2a\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u5171\u6709\u884c\u3002<\/div>\n
                                      \u6ce8\u610f\uff0ccomm \u547d\u4ee4\u548c join\u3001uniq \u547d\u4ee4\u4e00\u6837\uff0c\u53ea\u80fd\u7528\u4e8e\u5df2\u7ecf\u6392\u8fc7\u5e8f\u7684\u6570\u636e\u3002<\/div>\n
                                      \uff081\uff09\u547d\u4ee4\u683c\u5f0f<\/div>\n
                                      comm [\u9009\u9879] \u6587\u4ef6 1 \u6587\u4ef6 2<\/div>\n
                                      \uff082\uff09\u5e38\u7528\u53c2\u6570<\/div>\n
                                      \n\n\n\n<\/colgroup>\n\n\n\n\n\n
                                      \n
                                      \u53c2\u6570<\/div>\n<\/td>\n
                                      		\n
                                      \u63cf\u8ff0<\/div>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
                                      \n
                                      -1<\/div>\n<\/td>\n
                                      		\n
                                      \u4e0d\u8f93\u51fa\u6587\u4ef6 1 \u7279\u6709\u7684\u884c<\/div>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
                                      \n
                                      -2<\/div>\n<\/td>\n
                                      		\n
                                      \u4e0d\u8f93\u51fa\u6587\u4ef6 2 \u7279\u6709\u7684\u884c<\/div>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
                                      \n
                                      -3<\/div>\n<\/td>\n
                                      		\n
                                      \u4e0d\u8f93\u51fa\u4e24\u4e2a\u6587\u4ef6\u5171\u6709\u7684\u884c<\/div>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n

                                      <\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<\/li>\n

                                    2. diff\n
                                        \n
                                      1. \n
                                        \u7c7b\u4f3c comm \u547d\u4ee4\uff0cdiff \u547d\u4ee4\u88ab\u7528\u6765\u76d1\u6d4b\u6587\u4ef6\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u5dee\u5f02\u3002\u7136\u800c\uff0cdiff \u662f\u4e00\u6b3e\u66f4\u52a0\u590d\u6742\u7684\u5de5\u5177\uff0c\u5b83\u652f\u6301\u8bb8\u591a\u8f93\u51fa\u683c\u5f0f\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u4e00\u6b21\u80fd\u5904\u7406\u8bb8\u591a\u6587\u672c\u6587\u4ef6\u3002\u8f6f\u4ef6\u5f00\u53d1\u5458\u7ecf\u5e38\u4f7f\u7528 diff \u7a0b\u5e8f\u6765\u68c0\u67e5\u4e0d\u540c\u7a0b\u5e8f\u6e90\u7801\u7248\u672c\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u66f4\u6539\uff0cdiff \u80fd\u591f\u9012\u5f52\u5730\u68c0\u67e5\u6e90\u7801\u76ee\u5f55\uff0c\u7ecf\u5e38\u79f0\u4e4b\u4e3a\u6e90\u7801\u6811\u3002diff \u7a0b\u5e8f\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u5e38\u89c1\u7528\u4f8b\u662f\u521b\u5efa diff \u6587\u4ef6\u6216\u8005\u8865\u4e01\uff0c\u5b83\u4f1a\u88ab\u5176\u5b83\u7a0b\u5e8f\u4f7f\u7528\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982 patch \u7a0b\u5e8f\uff08\u6211\u4eec\u540e\u9762\u4f1a\u8bb2\u5230\uff09\uff0c\u6765\u628a\u6587\u4ef6\u4ece\u4e00\u4e2a\u7248\u672c\u8f6c\u6362\u4e3a\u53e6\u4e00\u4e2a\u7248\u672c\u3002<\/div>\n
                                        diff \u5728\u547d\u4ee4\u884c\u4e2d\u6253\u5370\u6bcf\u4e00\u4e2a\u884c\u7684\u6539\u52a8\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14 diff \u662f svn\u3001cvs\u3001git \u7b49\u7248\u672c\u63a7\u5236\u5de5\u5177\u4e0d\u53ef\u6216\u7f3a\u7684\u4e00\u90e8\u5206\u3002<\/div>\n
                                        diff \u547d\u4ee4\u662f differential \u7684\u7f29\u5199\u3002<\/div>\n
                                        \uff081\uff09\u547d\u4ee4\u683c\u5f0f<\/div>\n
                                        diff [\u9009\u9879] \u6587\u4ef6<\/div>\n
                                        \uff082\uff09\u5e38\u7528\u53c2\u6570<\/div>\n
                                        \n\n\n\n<\/colgroup>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
                                        \n
                                        \u53c2\u6570<\/div>\n<\/td>\n
                                        		\n
                                        \u63cf\u8ff0<\/div>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
                                        \n
                                        -c<\/div>\n<\/td>\n
                                        		\n
                                        \u4e0a\u4e0b\u6587\u6a21\u5f0f\uff0c\u663e\u793a\u5168\u90e8\u5185\u6587\uff0c\u5e76\u6807\u51fa\u4e0d\u540c\u4e4b\u5904<\/div>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
                                        \n
                                        -u<\/div>\n<\/td>\n
                                        		\n
                                        \u7edf\u4e00\u6a21\u5f0f\uff0c\u4ee5\u5408\u5e76\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u6765\u663e\u793a\u6587\u4ef6\u5185\u5bb9\u7684\u4e0d\u540c<\/div>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
                                        \n
                                        -a<\/div>\n<\/td>\n
                                        		\n
                                        \u53ea\u4f1a\u9010\u884c\u6bd4\u8f83\u6587\u672c\u6587\u4ef6<\/div>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
                                        \n
                                        -N<\/div>\n<\/td>\n
                                        		\n
                                        \u5728\u6bd4\u8f83\u76ee\u5f55\u65f6\uff0c\u82e5\u6587\u4ef6 A \u4ec5\u51fa\u73b0\u5728\u67d0\u4e2a\u76ee\u5f55\u4e2d\uff0c\u9884\u8bbe\u4f1a\u663e\u793a\uff1aOnly in \u76ee\u5f55\u3002 \u82e5\u4f7f\u7528-N \u53c2\u6570\uff0c\u5219 diff \u4f1a\u5c06\u6587\u4ef6 A \u4e0e\u4e00\u4e2a\u7a7a\u767d\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u6bd4\u8f83<\/div>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
                                        \n
                                        -r<\/div>\n<\/td>\n
                                        		\n
                                        \u9012\u5f52\u6bd4\u8f83\u76ee\u5f55\u4e0b\u7684\u6587\u4ef6<\/div>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n
                                        <\/div>\n

                                        <\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<\/li>\n

                                      2. df\n
                                          \n
                                        1. \n
                                          linux \u4e2d df \u547d\u4ee4\u7684\u529f\u80fd\u662f\u7528\u6765\u68c0\u67e5 linux \u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u78c1\u76d8\u7a7a\u95f4\u5360\u7528\u60c5\u51b5\u3002\u53ef\u4ee5\u5229\u7528\u8be5\u547d\u4ee4\u6765\u83b7\u53d6\u786c\u76d8\u88ab\u5360\u7528\u4e86\u591a\u5c11\u7a7a\u95f4\uff0c\u76ee\u524d\u8fd8\u5269\u4e0b\u591a\u5c11\u7a7a\u95f4\u7b49\u4fe1\u606f\u3002<\/div>\n
                                          df \u547d\u4ee4\u662f disk free \u7684\u7f29\u5199\u3002<\/div>\n
                                          \uff081\uff09\u547d\u4ee4\u683c\u5f0f<\/div>\n
                                          df [\u9009\u9879] \u6587\u4ef6<\/div>\n
                                          \uff082\uff09\u5e38\u7528\u53c2\u6570<\/div>\n
                                          \n\n\n\n<\/colgroup>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
                                          \n
                                          \u53c2\u6570<\/div>\n<\/td>\n
                                          		\n
                                          \u63cf\u8ff0<\/div>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
                                          \n
                                          -a<\/div>\n<\/td>\n
                                          		\n
                                          \u5168\u90e8\u6587\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf\u5217\u8868<\/div>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
                                          \n
                                          -h<\/div>\n<\/td>\n
                                          		\n
                                          \u65b9\u4fbf\u9605\u8bfb\u65b9\u5f0f\u663e\u793a<\/div>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
                                          \n
                                          -i<\/div>\n<\/td>\n
                                          		\n
                                          \u663e\u793a inode \u4fe1\u606f<\/div>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
                                          \n
                                          -T<\/div>\n<\/td>\n
                                          		\n
                                          \u6587\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf\u7c7b\u578b<\/div>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
                                          \n
                                          -t<\u6587\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf\u7c7b\u578b><\/div>\n<\/td>\n
                                          		\n
                                          \u53ea\u663e\u793a\u9009\u5b9a\u6587\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u78c1\u76d8\u4fe1\u606f<\/div>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
                                          \n
                                          -x<\u6587\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf\u7c7b\u578b><\/div>\n<\/td>\n
                                          		\n
                                          \u4e0d\u663e\u793a\u9009\u5b9a\u6587\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u78c1\u76d8\u4fe1\u606f<\/div>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n
                                          \uff083\uff09\u5e38\u7528\u8303\u4f8b<\/div>\n

                                          <\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<\/li>\n

                                        2. du\n
                                            \n
                                          1. \n
                                            linux \u4e2d du \u547d\u4ee4\u4e5f\u662f\u67e5\u770b\u4f7f\u7528\u7a7a\u95f4\u7684\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u4e0e df \u547d\u4ee4\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u662f Linux du \u547d\u4ee4\u662f\u5bf9\u6587\u4ef6\u548c\u76ee\u5f55\u78c1\u76d8\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u7a7a\u95f4\u7684\u67e5\u770b\u3002<\/div>\n
                                            du \u547d\u4ee4\u662f disk usage \u7684\u7f29\u5199\u3002<\/div>\n
                                            \uff081\uff09\u547d\u4ee4\u683c\u5f0f<\/div>\n
                                            du [\u9009\u9879] \u6587\u4ef6<\/div>\n
                                            \uff082\uff09\u5e38\u7528\u53c2\u6570<\/div>\n
                                            \n\n\n\n<\/colgroup>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
                                            \n
                                            \u53c2\u6570<\/div>\n<\/td>\n
                                            		\n
                                            \u63cf\u8ff0<\/div>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
                                            \n
                                            -a<\/div>\n<\/td>\n
                                            		\n
                                            \u663e\u793a\u76ee\u5f55\u4e2d\u4e2a\u522b\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u5927\u5c0f\u3002<\/div>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
                                            \n
                                            -b<\/div>\n<\/td>\n
                                            		\n
                                            \u663e\u793a\u76ee\u5f55\u6216\u6587\u4ef6\u5927\u5c0f\u65f6\uff0c\u4ee5 byte \u4e3a\u5355\u4f4d\u3002<\/div>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
                                            \n
                                            -c<\/div>\n<\/td>\n
                                            		\n
                                            \u9664\u4e86\u663e\u793a\u4e2a\u522b\u76ee\u5f55\u6216\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u5927\u5c0f\u5916\uff0c\u540c\u65f6\u4e5f\u663e\u793a\u6240\u6709\u76ee\u5f55\u6216\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u603b\u548c\u3002<\/div>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
                                            \n
                                            -k<\/div>\n<\/td>\n
                                            		\n
                                            \u4ee5 KB(1024bytes)\u4e3a\u5355\u4f4d\u8f93\u51fa\u3002<\/div>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
                                            \n
                                            -m<\/div>\n<\/td>\n
                                            		\n
                                            \u4ee5 MB \u4e3a\u5355\u4f4d\u8f93\u51fa\u3002<\/div>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
                                            \n
                                            -s<\/div>\n<\/td>\n
                                            		\n
                                            \u4ec5\u663e\u793a\u603b\u8ba1\uff0c\u53ea\u5217\u51fa\u6700\u540e\u52a0\u603b\u7684\u503c\u3002<\/div>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
                                            \n
                                            -h<\/div>\n<\/td>\n
                                            		\n
                                            \u4ee5 K\uff0cM\uff0cG \u4e3a\u5355\u4f4d\uff0c\u63d0\u9ad8\u4fe1\u606f\u7684\u53ef\u8bfb\u6027<\/div>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n
                                            <\/div>\n
                                            <\/div>\n

                                            <\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<\/li>\n

                                          2. time\n
                                              \n
                                            1. \n
                                              time \u547d\u4ee4\u5e38\u7528\u4e8e\u6d4b\u91cf\u4e00\u4e2a\u547d\u4ee4\u7684\u8fd0\u884c\u65f6\u95f4\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u5b9e\u9645\u4f7f\u7528\u65f6\u95f4\uff08real time\uff09\u3001\u7528\u6237\u6001\u4f7f\u7528\u65f6\u95f4\uff08the process spent in user mode\uff09\u3001\u5185\u6838\u6001\u4f7f\u7528\u65f6\u95f4\uff08the process spent in kernel mode\uff09\u3002<\/div>\n
                                              \u5b9e\u9645\u65f6\u95f4: \u4ece command \u547d\u4ee4\u884c\u5f00\u59cb\u6267\u884c\u5230\u8fd0\u884c\u7ec8\u6b62\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u3002<\/div>\n
                                              \u7528\u6237\u6001\u4f7f\u7528\u65f6\u95f4\uff1a\u547d\u4ee4\u6267\u884c\u5b8c\u6210\u82b1\u8d39\u7684\u7528\u6237 CPU \u65f6\u95f4\uff0c\u5373\u547d\u4ee4\u5728\u7528\u6237\u6001\u4e2d\u6267\u884c\u65f6\u95f4\u603b\u548c\u3002<\/div>\n
                                              \u5185\u6838\u6001\u4f7f\u7528\u65f6\u95f4\uff1a\u547d\u4ee4\u6267\u884c\u5b8c\u6210\u82b1\u8d39\u7684\u7cfb\u7edf CPU \u65f6\u95f4\uff0c\u5373\u547d\u4ee4\u5728\u6838\u5fc3\u6001\u4e2d\u6267\u884c\u65f6\u95f4\u603b\u548c\u3002<\/div>\n
                                              \uff081\uff09\u547d\u4ee4\u683c\u5f0f<\/div>\n
                                              time \u547d\u4ee4<\/div>\n
                                              \uff082\uff09\u5e38\u7528\u8303\u4f8b<\/div>\n
                                              <\/div>\n

                                              <\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

                                               <\/p>\n

                                               <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

                                              ls ls \u547d\u4ee4\u662f linux \u4e0b\u6700\u5e38\u7528\u7684\u547d\u4ee4\uff0cls \u547d\u4ee4\u5c31\u662f list \u7684\u7f29\u5199\u3002 ls \u7528\u6765\u6253\u5370\u51fa\u5f53\u524d\u76ee\u5f55\u7684Continue reading linux\u5e38\u7528\u547d\u4ee4<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[21],"tags":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ccagml.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/78"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ccagml.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ccagml.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ccagml.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ccagml.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=78"}],"version-history":[{"count":3,"href":"https:\/\/www.ccagml.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/78\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":85,"href":"https:\/\/www.ccagml.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/78\/revisions\/85"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ccagml.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=78"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ccagml.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=78"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ccagml.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=78"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}